URM Student Recruitment Resources

Enrollment and Graduation Trends

1. Carlisle D, Gardner J, Liu H. "The entry of underrepresented minority students into U.S. medical schools: An evaluation of recent trends." American Journal of Public Health, 88(9): 1314-1318, 1998.
2. Ranney R, Wilson M, Bennett R. "Evaluation of Applicants to Predoctoral Dental Education Programs: Review of Literature." Journal of Dental Education, 69(10): 1095-1106, 2005.
3. Rowland, M. and Casamassimo, P. "Principal Dental Admissions Officers: Who are Dentistry's Gatekeepers?" Journal of Dental Education. 70(4): April 2006.
4. Sinkford J, Harrison S, Valachovic R. "Underrepresented minority enrollment in U.S. dental schools - the challenge." Journal of Dental Education, 65(6): 564-570, 2001.
5. Sinkford J, Valachovic R, Harrison S. “Underrepresented Minority Dental School Enrollment: Continued Vigilance Required.” Journal of Dental Education, 68:1112-1118, 2004.
6. Tedesco, Lisa A. "Post-Affirmative Action Supreme Court Decision: New Challenges for Academic Institutions." Journal of Dental Education. 69(11): 1212-1221, 2005.
7. Veal K, et al. "The Pathway to Dentistry for Minority Students: From their Perspective." Journal of Dental Education, 68(9): 938-946, 2004.
8. Weaver, Richard G., et al. "U.S. Dental School Applicants and Enrollees: 2003 and 2004." Journal of Dental Education, 69(9): 1064-1072, 2005.

Programs to Increase Enrollment/Graduation

1. Bowen WG and Bok D. The Shape of the River: Long-Term Consequences of Considering Race in College and University Admissions. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1998.
2. Brody H and Alexander C. "The UCSF post-baccalaureate reapplication program: A preliminary report." Journal of Dental Education, 64(11): 763-771, 2000.
3. Brooks ES, et al. “Bridge to Dentistry: One Dental School’s Approach to Improving Its Enrollment of Underrepresented Minorities.” Journal of American College of Dentists, 69(1): 23-30, 2002.
4. Carline JD and Patterson DG. “Assessment of the Health Professions Partnership Initiative: A Report to The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.” 2002.
5. Carline JD, Patterson DG, Davis LA. "Enrichment programs intended to increase the representation of minorities in medicine." Academic Medicine, 73(3): 299-301, 1998. 
6. Cavazos L. "Strategies for enhancing the diversity of the oral health profession." Journal of Dental Education, 65:269-272, 2001. 
7. Cregler LL. “Enrichment programs to create a pipeline to biomedical science careers.” Journal of the Association for Academic Minority Physicians, 4 (4): 127-131, 1993.
8. Cullen DL, et al. “Minority students benefit from mentoring programs.” Radiologic Technology, 64(4): 226-231, 1993.
9. Formicola A, et al. "Creating an Environment for Diversity in Dental Schools: One School's Approach." Journal of Dental Education, 67(5): 491-499, 2003. 
10. Frankl S. “Strategies to Create and Sustain a Diverse Faculty and Student Body at the Boston University School of Dental Medicine.” Journal of Dental Education, 67(9): 1042-1045, 2003.
11. Gates P, Ganey J, Brown M. “Building the Minority Faculty Development Pipeline.” Journal of Dental Education, 67(9): 1034-1038, 2003.
12. Grumbach K, et al. "Trends in Underrepresented Minority Participation in Health Professional Schools." In The Right Thing to Do, Smart Thing to Do: Enhancing Diversity in the Health Professions. Washington, DC: Institute of Medicine, National Academy Press, 2001.
13. Hesser A and Lewis L. “Evaluation of a supplementary retention program for black allied health sciences students.” Academic Medicine, 67(4): 270-272, 1992.
14. Hojat M, et al. “Postbaccalaureate preparation and performance in medical school.” Academic Medicine, 65(6): 338-391, 1990.
15. Iler E and Slater M. “The Gateway Program: Ten-year lessons about outcomes and admission measures.” Academic Medicine, 73(11): 1169-1171, 1998.
16. Jones F and Flowers JC. “New York’s statewide approach to increase the number of minority applicants to medical school.” Academic Medicine, 65(11): 671-674, 1990.
17. Balancing the Scales of Opportunity: Ensuring Racial and Ethnic Diversity in the Health Professions. Washington D.C.: Office of Health Policy Programs and Fellowships, Institute of Medicine, The National Academies Press, 1994.
18. Lopez N, Wadenya R, Berthold P. “Effective Recruitment and Retention Strategies for Underrepresented Minority Students: Perspectives from Dental Students.” Journal of Dental Education, 67(10):1107-1112, 2003.
19. McGlinn S, Jackson EW, Bardo HR. “Postbaccalaureate Medical/Dental Education Preparatory Program (MEDPREP) at Southern Illinois University School of Medicine.” Academic Medicine, 74(4): 380-382, 1999.
20. Mullan F. "Affirmative Action, Cuban Style." The New England Journal of Medicine, 351 (26): 2680-2682, 2004.
21. Perry RR, Philips BU, Mahan JM. “A follow-up evaluation of a summer health career program for minority students.” Journal of Medical Education, 51(3): 175-180, 1976.
22. The Right Thing to Do, Smart Thing to Do: Enhancing Diversity in the Health Professions. Summary of the Symposium on Diversity in the Health Professions in Honor of Herbert W. Nickens, M.D. Washington, DC: Institute of Medicine, National Academy Press, 2001.
23. Strategies for Improving the Diversity of the Health Professions. Woodland Hills: The California Endowment, 2003.
24. Strayhorn G. "A Pre-admission program for underrepresented minority and disadvantaged students: Application, acceptance, graduation rates and timeliness of graduating from medical school." Academic Medicine, 75(4); 355-361, 2000. 
25. Strayhorn G. “Participation in a premedical summer program for underrepresented-minority students as a predictor of academic performance in the first three years of medical school: two studies.” Academic Medicine, 74 (4): 435-447, 1999.
26. Terrell C and Beaudreau J. “3000 by 2000 and Beyond: Next Steps for Promoting Diversity in the Health Professions.” Journal of Dental Education, 67(9): 1048-1052, 2003.
27. Thomson WA, et al. “Results of a summer academy to increase minority student access to allied health and other health professions.” Journal of Allied Health, 21(2): 79-93, 1992.
28. Wadenya R, et al. “Strategies for Recruitment and Retention of Underrepresented Minority Students at the University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine.” Journal of Dental Education, 67(9): 1039-1041, 2003.
29. David E. Hayes-Bautista, Ph.D., et al. "The rise and fall of the latino dentist supply in california: implications for dental education." Journal of Dental Education. 2007 Feb;71(2):227-34.

Impact on Care to Underserved

1. DeCastro J, Bolger D, Feldman C. "Clinical Competence of Graduates of Community-Based and Traditional Curricula." Journal of Dental Education.  69(12) : 1324-1331, 2005.
2. Johnson JC, Williams B, Jayadecappa R. “Mentoring program for minority faculty at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine.” Academic Medicine, 74(4): 376-9, 1999.
3. Komaromy M, et al. “The Role of Black and Hispanic Physicians in Providing Health Care for Underserved Populations.” The New England Journal of Medicine, 334 (20): 1305-1310, 1996.
4. Kuthy R,  McQuistan M,  Riniker K. "Students’ Comfort Level in Treating Vulnerable Populations and Future Willingness to Treat: Results Prior to Extramural Participation." Journal of Dental Education. 69(12): 1307-1314, 2005.
5. Methodology Development and Assessment of the Impact of the Centers of Excellence Program. Washington D.C.: Division of Disadvantaged Assistance, Bureau of Health Professions, Health Resources and Services Administration, Public Health Service, HRSA, 1999.
6. Moy E and Bartman BA. “Physician Race and Care of Minority and Medically Indigent Patients.” Journal of the American Medical Association, 273 (19): 1515-1520, 1995.
7. Potts JT, Jr. "Recruitment of minority physicians into careers in internal medicine." Academic Medicine, 116(12 P2): 1099-1102, 1992.
8. Saha S, et al. “Do Patients Choose Physicians of Their Own Race?” Health Affairs, 19(4): 76, 2000.
9. Segal SS, et al. “The Academic Support Program at the University of Michigan School of Medicine.” Academic Medicine, 74(4): 383-385, 1999.
10. Solomon E, Williams C, Sinkford J. "Practice location characteristics of Black dentists in Texas." Journal Dental Education, 65(6): 571-578, 2001.